Basic try-catch

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int divide(int a, int b) {
    if (b == 0) {
        throw "Division by zero error!";
    }
    return a / b;
}

int main() {
    int num1, num2;
    
    cout << "Enter two numbers: ";
    cin >> num1 >> num2;
    
    try {
        int result = divide(num1, num2);
        cout << "Result: " << result << endl;
    } catch (const char* error) {
        cout << "Error caught: " << error << endl;
    }
    
    cout << "Program continues after exception handling." << endl;
    
    return 0;
}

Enter two numbers: 10 0
Error caught: Division by zero error!
Program continues after exception handling.

This program teaches you how to use Basic try-catch Blocks in C++. Exception handling allows programs to gracefully handle errors and unexpected situations without crashing. The try-catch mechanism is essential for robust, production-quality code.

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1. What This Program Does

The program demonstrates basic exception handling:

• Throwing exceptions using throw statement
• Catching exceptions using try-catch blocks
• Handling division by zero error
• Continuing program execution after exception

Exception handling prevents crashes and enables graceful error management.

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2. Header Files Used

1. #include <iostream>
   • Provides cout and cin for input/output operations.

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3. Understanding Exception Handling

Exception Concept:

• Errors or unexpected situations
• Thrown when problem occurs
• Caught and handled gracefully
• Prevents program crashes

Key Components:

• try: code that might throw
• throw: raises exception
• catch: handles exception
• Program continues after catch

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4. Throwing Exceptions

Using throw:

if (b == 0) { throw "Division by zero error!"; }

How it works:

• throw statement raises exception
• Can throw any type (string, int, object)
• Control immediately jumps to catch
• Code after throw not executed

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5. Try Block

Wrapping Code:

try { int result = divide(num1, num2); cout << "Result: " << result << endl; }

How it works:

• Code that might throw goes in try
• If exception thrown, jumps to catch
• If no exception, continues normally
• Can have multiple statements

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6. Catch Block

Handling Exception:

catch (const char* error) { cout << "Error caught: " << error << endl; }

How it works:

• Catches specific exception type
• Executes when exception thrown
• Receives exception value
• Program continues after catch

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7. When to Use Exception Handling

Best For:

• Error conditions
• Invalid input
• Resource failures
• Unexpected situations
• Robust error handling

Example Scenarios:

• Division by zero
• File not found
• Invalid user input
• Network errors
• Memory allocation failures

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8. Important Considerations

Exception Types:

• Can throw any type
• Strings, integers, objects
• Standard exception classes
• Custom exception classes

Program Flow:

• Exception jumps to catch
• Code after throw not executed
• Program continues after catch
• Prevents crashes

Error Messages:

• Provide clear error messages
• Help with debugging
• Inform users of problems
• Guide error resolution

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9. return 0;

This ends the program successfully.

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Summary

• Exception handling: use try-catch blocks to handle errors gracefully.
• throw: raises exception when error occurs.
• catch: handles exception, receives exception value.
• Program continues after catch block, prevents crashes.
• Understanding exception handling enables robust error management.
• Essential for production-quality code and graceful error handling.

This program is fundamental for learning error handling, understanding exception mechanisms, and preparing for robust program development in C++ programs.