Python
# Program to check if a number is a perfect square
import math
num = int(input("Enter a non-negative integer: "))
if num < 0:
print("Negative numbers cannot be perfect squares in real numbers.")
else:
root = int(math.sqrt(num))
if root * root == num:
print(num, "is a perfect square")
else:
print(num, "is not a perfect square")Output
Enter a non-negative integer: 16 16 is a perfect square
We take the integer square root and square it back. If root * root equals the original number, it is a perfect square.